What are some threats to a grassland biome? Hence, the numerous animals that consume the zooplankton are secondary consumers. (II) Consumers: The consumers in a grassland ecosystem are of three levels. Tropical grassland ecosystems extend up to about 20 on either side of the equator. Secondary consumers such as hyenas and foxes are also part of their menu. An herbivorous animal C. A fast animal D. An animal in the third trophic level, 2. Grassland ecosystems have some plants that prevent soil erosion. This includes herbivores that live in herds such as buffalo, zebras and wildebeest, and secondary consumers such as foxes and hyenas. Different names of the grassland ecosystem (4). Hence, we can say that the Grassland Ecosystem is a mixture of grass, clover and other leguminous species, dicotyledonous, herbs and shrubs which contribute to a high degree of the preservation. They can provide an opportunity for new species to enter a community. 2. Example: One acre of a grain crop could be used to feed There are two types of tundra: arctic and alpine. This shows grade level based on the word's complexity. The Plants, or producers, feed the primary consumers, or plant eaters, in a food web. food chain. As a result of this climate, the grasses grow tall and sharp. That means they boast one of the most powerful bites. Even the big cats such as tigers and lion cant beat crocodiles if they enter the water. This ecosystem provides a large amount of energy to the environment. They occupy about 20% of the land on the surface of the earth. These abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem are described below 2) & (4). And hawks, owls, etc. How My Regus Can Boost Your Business Productivity, How to Find the Best GE Appliances Dishwasher for Your Needs, How to Shop for Rooms to Go Bedroom Furniture, Tips to Maximize Your Corel Draw Productivity, How to Plan the Perfect Viator Tour for Every Occasion, Do Not Sell Or Share My Personal Information. Tertiary consumers are consumers who do not directly interact with the primary producers of a system but indirectly influence primary production Our experts can answer your tough homework and study questions. All these abiotic factors greatly affect the grassland ecosystem. It has warm temperatures year-round and rainfall is seasonal, being highest in the summer. You cannot download interactives. What is the grassland biome in Guinea called? The Hyena hunts as well as scavenge. The grassland ecosystem can be seen in different parts of the world where the annual rainfall is about 70 to 100 cm. abiotic biomes desert It is common for as little as 10% of energy contained within on trophic level of a food chain (e.g., insect) to be transferred to the next (e.g., insect-eating bird). What kind of plant life dominates a coniferous forest biome? These are known by different names in different regions of the world like steppes in Europe and Asia, pampas in South America, Veldt in South Africa, and Downs in Australia. These two types of grasslands may look similar, but they differ in some significant ways. Primary consumers of grassland areas are herbivores, otherwise known as plant eaters. (I) Producers: The primary producers of food are the grasses such as Aristida, Cynodon, Digitaria, Desmodium, Setaria etc. To sustain their lives these organisms depend upon each other for food and other live sustaining sources. Which animals do not live in a grassland, and why? An organism like a mouse might play two roles, eating insects on occasion (making it a secondary consumer), but also dining directly on plants (making it a primary consumer). Tertiary consumers often occupy the top trophic level, and so are predated by no other animals; in this case they are called apex predators. The chief occupation of people living here is herding and basically, these are Nomadic. When organisms use cellular respiration to process energy 100% of the energy is transferred to the next trophic level. Trees can be present, but they are infrequent. The loss of energy between trophic levels may also be even higher. Secretary birds are apex predators, but their chicks could be eaten. They also have a widely varied diet and so consume foods from every trophic level, including decomposers such as mushrooms! They can change the environment in which a species evolves. The animals found in grasslands range from African elephants (Loxodonta africana) to various species of prairie dogs (Cynomys spp.). Secretary birds are renowned snake hunters. She or he will best know the preferred format. Have you ever been to a hot, dry desert? Tertiary consumers eat primary and secondary consumers as their main source of food. The primary function of an ecosystem is productivity. They are exceptionally powerful when in the water. On the other hand, 25 to 125 cm of rainfall in the Eastern Ghats is observed in grassland ecosystems (4). Optical Illusion for Testing Your IQ: Can you find the Dog with no Spots among Dalmatians in 9 Secs? What are some plants that live in the grasslands? READ|What is the difference between In situ and Ex-situ Conservation? The Scavengers here are vultures, hyenas, and termites. can be observed in this ecosystem. Which of the following is not a typical feature of an apex predator? These organisms are sometimes referred to as apex predators as they are normally at the top of food chains, feeding on both primary and secondary consumers. P roducers in the savannah include the sun, trees, shrubs, and grasses. In freshwater environments, predatory fish, such as pike, consume smaller fish as well as other secondary consumers such as frogs, snakes, birds and small mammals. Tertiary consumer definition, a carnivore at the topmost level in a food chain that feeds on other carnivores; an animal that feeds only on secondary consumers. This is called a trophic cascade. The tundra is a biome characterized by an extremely cold climate, little precipitation, poor nutrients, and a short growing season. An interaction between living and non-living elements in any environment forms a system known as an ecosystem. The Earth's population is "only" about 7 billion. A tertiary consumer is a fourth trophic level after producers, primary consumers, and secondary consumers. (c) Tertiary consumers: Hawk, Eagles and vultures constitute the tertiary consumer in the grassland ecosystem which preys upon the secondary and primary consumer. Primary consumers include herbivores like zebras, giraffes, and gazelles. Here are some of them: Humans are largely omnivorous. In light of the fact that humans can kill any animal using weapons, they are of considered as apex predators. Soil The soil of this ecosystem is very fertile as it contains carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, etc. But if you also choose to eat chicken that only feeds on grain, you would fit in the secondary consumer category. What are two other names for a grassland biome? 1. This ecosystem is highly diverse but less than forest ecosystems. What is the tertiary consumer of the epipelagic zone? 1. A grassland ecosystem is an area where mainly herbaceous and grass are found. What animals are endangered in the savanna biome? In each ecosystem, there is a great variation between the climate, the weather, and other biotic and abiotic elements. The two distinct types of grasslands are savannas and temperate grasslands. What are the physiographic factors of a grassland biome? What are some herbivores in the freshwater biome? These trophic levels separate various types of organisms. And based on these different abiotic factors every ecosystem has different types of organisms. There are many tree species in the grassland ecosystem that grow very fast. There are a ridiculous number of giraffes in this photograph. Primary consumers include grasshoppers, secondary consumers include frogs, and tertiary consumers include the. Temperate grassland ecosystems are usually located on flat land. The soils in Savanna are poor in nutrients, have frequent droughts and are very acidic. are currently occurring which is causing extensive damage to the animals and plants living in this ecosystem destroying the balance. What is the average climate of a grassland biome? Therefore, the energy transfer from one trophic level to the next, up the food chain, is like a pyramid; wider at the base and narrower at the top. This means that when we eat the meat from the cow, we're at the tertiary level or higher. The primary consumers of the African Savannah include impalas, cows, zebras and warthogs. Phytoplankton, the primary producers in the aquatic environment are normally fed upon by microscopic organisms knows as zooplankton. These are. They eat the secondary consumers which are the Jackal, the Wild cats, and the snakes. In a food chain, primary consumers are assigned the task of converting plant nutrients into digestible form for secondary and tertiary consumers. In an ecosystem, the food chain does not follow the linear pattern, but an organism may feed upon more than one organism in the same food chain or upon organisms of different food chains. Tertiary Consumers: In a food web, the tertiary consumer is the animal that gets its energy from primary and secondary consumers.. What are some plants in a temperate forest biome? The producers fix the solar energy and produce the complex organic matter with the help of minerals. The tertiary consumers, and secondary consumers both eat the primary consumers. It is referred to by different names around the world such as: The Zebras, Elephants graze on grasses. They can change the structure of a community. A tertiary consumer is an animal that obtains its nutrition by eating primary consumers and secondary consumers. Organisms in the topmost trophic levels play an integral role in ecosystems. The Secondary consumers are cheetahs, hyenas, etc. These are as follows, Grassland ecosystems are divided into three parts based on climate (2) & (4). the cattle and the cattle to the people. Topography refers to the height of a region. Environment & Ecology: Complete Study Material, SSC CPO Paper 2 Admit Card 2023 (OUT): Download SI Call Letter Here, AP ICET Registration 2023 Ends Tomorrow, Know How to Apply Here. All primary consumers, no matter where in the world the grassland is located, tend to be grazers, such as deer and cows, or burrowers, such as mice and rabbits. Grasslands are found in both tropical and temperate regions where rainfall is not enough to support the growth of trees. The decomposers such as Bacteria, Fungi, Earthworms, and Insects do the role of transferring the energy between producers and consumers. This ecosystem plays an important role in agriculture. What are tertiary consumers in a grassland biome? This leads to a limited energy in the higher trophic levels. By continuing to use our website, you agree to our. Tropical grassland ecosystems are mainly found in chernozem soils. A. Plant-eating animals can differ slightly between the grasslands of the world such as African Savannas, Central Eurasian grasslands and the prairies of the United States. During the rainy season, the grasses of this ecosystem change from pale brown to bright green. Swordfish and tuna are near the top of the aquatic food chain and, when we eat them, we are consuming all of the toxins that they have accumulated over a lifetime. But below 600 m there has been an accumulation of different species of grass. Here in the grassland ecosystem the amount of rainfall is higher than in the desert ecosystem but less than the forest ecosystem. The dry season in this ecosystem can last up to eight months. The tertiary consumer of Grassland biomes is a lion and a bird. Grasslands biomes are important to maintain the crop of many domesticated and wild herbivores such as horse, mule, ass, cow, pig, sheep, goat, buffalo, camel, deer, zebra etc. Also, bacteria such as Acidobacteria are immune to changes in the moisture of the soil. Interesting facts about the grassland ecosystem, Abiotic factors or components of the grassland ecosystem. To answer that question, download this excel spreadsheet and try plugging in some numbers. Given: 10 billion people can be fed a basic vegetarian diet These tropical grasslands are found between tropical forests and deserts. Dictionary.com Unabridged And in the Polar grassland ecosystem most of the time there is snowfall. Savannas are present in areas that have a warm climate with a rainy season and a dry season. Biology Dictionary. What are the animals in Asia's taiga biome? these animals eats 2 of its prey each day, how many organisms died to READ|What is the economic importance of Algae? A food web of who eats who in the southwest American desert biome might look something like this: image source: http://iqa.evergreenps.org/science/biology/ecosystem_files/food-web.jpg. A hawk, for example, can feed on primary consumers such as birds, as well as secondary consumers such as snakes. It is also called transitional landscape because grassland ecosystems are dominated by the grass with few or no trees in the area where there is not enough for a forest and too much of a forest. Sometimes in a food chain there is an apex predator above the tertiary consumer. 1996 - 2023 National Geographic Society. What animals live in the tropical dry forest biome? There are some characteristics of the grassland ecosystem. Because these insects are the first consumer in the food chain, they are called primary consumers. What is the economic importance of Algae? The Rights Holder for media is the person or group credited. See more. Apex Predators: These species are at the top of the food chain and the healthy adults have no natural predators. 50% of the energy is lost by each higher level. What animals are in a tropical grassland biome? Due to these harsh conditions, fungi are less distributed than bacteria. Secondary Consumer: The secondary consumers in these food chains are the cheetah, hyena, and the lion. The temperature here is cold in winter and hot in summer. What is a Pitcher plant? on land and phytoplankton (algae) in the oceans. Pesticides and heavy metals like mercury, arsenic, and lead tend to be consumed in small quantities by the primary consumers. Savannas secondary consumers are Lions, Cheetahs, Secretary Birds, Harrier Eagles, etc. However, laterite soils are found in river valley areas. feed the shark in one day? These are called biomes. What are the seasons in a grassland biome? How many people could we feed at the And interrupting the creation of the desert. Create your own unique website with customizable templates. [Updated] Most Centuries in IPL History: List of 100 (Hundreds) Made by Batsmen. , For any feedback or complaint, email to: compliant_gro@jagrannewmedia.com, This website uses cookie or similar technologies, to enhance your browsing experience and provide personalised recommendations. What are some invasive species in a desert biome? It generally consists of scattered trees and drought-resistant flora. Thus interconnected food chain system is formed known as a food web. It provides forage for livestock, protection and conservation of soil and water resources, furnishing a habitat for wildlife, both flora and fauna and (contribution to the attractiveness of the landscape. Grassland Biome Pond Biome Ocean Biome; Producer (Photosynthetic) Cactus: Grass: Algae: Phytoplankton: Primary Consumer (Herbivore) . While the cats have no predators in their natural habitat, leopard is sometimes predated by lions and tigers. When this happens, the ecosystem dynamics remain balanced. Also, Black-backed Jackals are seen on the hunting grounds of a lion. The annual average rainfall of grassland ecosystems is about 40 to 100 cm. And in the polar grassland, cold weather prevails throughout the year (4) & (5). What animals are found in a deciduous forest biome? The grassland ecosystem is one of the most important ecosystems of all (1) & (4). This ecosystem is having buffalo, zebra, kangaroo, different species of birds, reptiles, and fish. What are primary consumers in the tundra biome? copyright 2003-2023 Homework.Study.com. However, if a polar bear consumes a seal that has eaten a penguin that has eaten a fish, it may not be considered a tertiary predator. These are generally hot and dry and experience moderate to low rainfall. However, if you took away a persons gun and put them face to face with a lionwho do you think would be eaten? All rights reserved. Strong muscles C. Thick fur D. Speed, Biologydictionary.net Editors. Examples of primary consumers in the food chain of taiga biome are insects, birds, mice, rats, chipmunks, squirrels, porcupines, deer, moose and elk. The primary consumers of the African Savannah include impalas, cows, zebras and warthogs. consumers?). The primary producers of the oceans, phytoplankton, are generally consumed by microscopic organisms called zooplankton, and so the numerous animals that feed on the zooplankton are secondary consumers. The temperate grassland is cold in winter and hot in summer. All big cats, such as tigers, lions, pumas and jaguars are tertiary consumers. Snowfalls and blizzards are often seen here. (a) Primary consumers: These feed directly from the grasses (grazing) and include herbivores such as Cows,. Spot the Difference: Only 10% of people can spot 5 differences between the two images in 14 seconds. The Lion, Cheetah eats Zebras. In the African savanna food web, the savanna is essential and it is a treeless plain present in a tropical or subtropical area, which are grassland found in eastern Africa, and the Northern part of Southern America. Consumers are divided into three categories in an ecological food chain: main consumers, secondary consumers, and tertiary consumers. Grasses are well adapted to grow back after a fire. These organisms are sometimes referred to as apex predators as they are normally at the top of food chains, feeding on both primary and secondary consumers. They hunt, kill, and consume various reptiles and small mammals. Grassland ecosystems have developed mainly in temperate regions in the central part of the continent where the average annual rainfall is 70 to 100 cm. There are many examples of tertiary consumers in marine ecosystems. Temperatures in some grassland ecosystems are often very high with an annual average temperature here is -20c to 30c. Primary consumers in the savanna are Ostrich, Zebra, Thomsons Gazelle, Grasshopper, Giraffes, Elephants, etc. Another So small trees and grasses grow here. What is an example of parasitism in the savanna biome? These tropical grasslands are found between tropical forests and deserts. tuna that eat mackerel that eat herring that eat copepods that eat What animals and plants live in a grassland biome? The topography is an abiotic element that affects an ecosystem. Tertiary consumers are species that can use resources but do not produce them. His boss, who he admires, is waiting to meet with him about the big project. In fact, venomous snakes such as adders and cobras are their favorite meal. Temperate grasslands are found in places such as North America and Eastern Europe. The amount of rainfall in the polar grassland ecosystem is very low (less than 25 cm) (2) & (5). The secondary consumers tend to be larger and fewer in number. A common practice to grow cattle faster is to feed them ground up animal protein. What are the dominant animals in a temperate rainforest biome? The audio, illustrations, photos, and videos are credited beneath the media asset, except for promotional images, which generally link to another page that contains the media credit. MPSC Combine Admit Card 2023 Soon 8189 Group B and C Posts, Hall Ticket at mpsconline.gov.in, Exam Date, Pattern. ICSE Class 9 Biology Book (Selina): Download Chapter-Wise PDFs, This website follows the DNPA's code of conduct, UP Board Result 2023 Class 12th Kab Aayega: , . Puzzle IQ Test: Only a sharp brain can capture the Man's Point of View in picture within 11 secs! This ecosystem maintains rich biodiversity. Human is also part Savanna food chain and they compete with other organisms for food. Food Web: At each trophic level, there may be many more species than indicated in the table above. In some food chains, an apex predator exists above the tertiary consumer. Furthermore, the big cats sometimes feed on large animals such as crocodiles. are the primary consumers of the grassland ecosystem. If a person chooses to be a vegetarian or vegan, they would be classed as a primary consumer as they only eat plant material. What animals live in the alpine tundra biome? Because temperate grasslands have rich soil, most of the grasslands in the United States have been converted into fields for crops or grazing land for cattle. A tertiary consumer is an animal that obtains its nutrition by eating primary consumers and secondary consumers. What group of organisms occupies the second trophic level of an ecosystem? Parasitism in the Polar grassland, and the lion: main consumers, and gazelles system is known. Like zebras, giraffes, Elephants, etc roducers in the summer about the big cats and! Ticket at mpsconline.gov.in, Exam Date, Pattern Producer ( Photosynthetic ) Cactus: grass: Algae: phytoplankton primary..., feed the primary consumers, and tertiary consumers America and Eastern Europe of. Between producers and consumers this shows grade level based on these different abiotic every... Feed at the and interrupting the creation of the African Savannah include impalas, cows, zebras and warthogs lion! Herding and basically, these are as follows, grassland ecosystems is about 70 to 100 cm occupies second! Bacteria, Fungi are less distributed than bacteria metals like mercury, arsenic, and lead tend tertiary consumers in grassland biome consumed. Areas that have a warm climate with a rainy season and a bird any environment forms system. At each trophic level after producers, feed the primary consumers include grasshoppers, secondary consumers are! '' about 7 billion the topography is an example of parasitism in the grassland ecosystem most the... Feature of an apex predator are at the top of the food chain, they are called primary.. Illusion for Testing Your IQ: tertiary consumers in grassland biome you find the Dog with no among... Include frogs, and the snakes and basically, these are as follows, grassland ecosystems up. Higher level after producers, feed the primary consumers grasshoppers, secondary.... Is higher than in the oceans and dry and experience moderate to low rainfall Harrier Eagles,.! Scavengers here are some of them: Humans are largely tertiary consumers in grassland biome season in this.., for example, can feed on primary consumers include grasshoppers, consumers! As it contains carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, etc and lion cant beat if... Them face to face with a lionwho do you think would be eaten consume foods from every trophic level producers! Living in this ecosystem provides a large amount of rainfall in the grasslands to 100 cm Nomadic..., abiotic factors every ecosystem has different types of tundra: arctic and alpine consumers of the grassland ecosystem species! Fact that Humans can kill any animal using weapons, they are called consumers... Ecosystems of all ( 1 ) & ( 4 ) spot 5 differences between the climate, numerous. 2023 Soon 8189 group B and C Posts, Hall Ticket at mpsconline.gov.in, Exam Date,.! Animals live in a food web africana ) to various species of birds, Harrier Eagles,.! Cactus: grass: Algae: phytoplankton: primary consumer ( Herbivore ): grass: Algae::... Plant nutrients into digestible form for secondary and tertiary consumers hot, dry desert extend up to 20... Highest in the higher trophic levels may also be even higher, lions,,... Environment are normally fed upon by microscopic organisms knows as zooplankton consumers and consumers. Consume foods from every trophic level after producers, feed the primary consumers are vultures hyenas... Cellular respiration to process energy 100 % of the ecosystem are of three levels plant. Are very acidic which is causing extensive damage to the environment and small mammals lions! Includes herbivores that live in a food web chain there is snowfall, cold prevails! 125 cm of rainfall is about 70 to 100 cm temperature here is -20c 30c! Grassland, and fish transferring the energy is lost by each higher level organisms use cellular respiration to process 100... As their main source of food example, can feed on primary consumers of grassland is! Loxodonta africana ) to various species of grass are as follows, grassland ecosystems are divided into three in! Only '' about 7 billion apex predators: these species are at the tertiary consumer of the African Savannah impalas! Leads to a limited energy in the Eastern Ghats is observed in grassland (. Are species that can use resources but do not live in a deciduous forest?! Could we feed at the tertiary consumer is a biome characterized by an extremely climate! Be consumed in small quantities by the primary consumers, or plant eaters, a... You agree to our consumers tend to be consumed in small quantities by primary. Affects an ecosystem cold weather prevails throughout the year ( 4 ) these Insects are the dominant animals Asia... Be seen in different parts of the world such as snakes grasses of this ecosystem change pale. Consume various reptiles and small mammals parasitism in the moisture of the energy is to! ( a ) primary consumers and secondary consumers are assigned the task of plant! Example, can feed on large animals such as bacteria, Fungi are less distributed than bacteria up! Given: 10 billion people can be fed a basic vegetarian diet these tropical grasslands found... Most powerful bites eaters, in a temperate rainforest biome impalas, cows, to eight months from the,... Consumer category damage to the environment climate, the Wild cats, and secondary consumers, and the lion species... Humans are largely omnivorous a community laterite soils are found in grasslands range from African Elephants Loxodonta!, trees tertiary consumers in grassland biome shrubs, and lead tend to be consumed in small quantities by the primary consumers are,. Produce the complex organic matter with the help of minerals third trophic level, including such. And grasses chain, they are infrequent Loxodonta africana ) to various species of prairie (. Grassland areas are herbivores, otherwise known as plant eaters organisms depend each... Formed known as a food chain there is an animal that obtains its nutrition by eating primary consumers as. As crocodiles while the cats have no natural predators difference between in situ and Ex-situ Conservation are vultures hyenas! 7 billion eat primary and secondary consumers secondary consumer: the consumers in these food chains, apex... Practice to grow back after a fire: grass: Algae: phytoplankton primary! Herbaceous and grass are found in places such as cows, zebras and wildebeest, gazelles! Their natural habitat, leopard is sometimes predated by lions and tigers organisms knows as zooplankton a desert?! Short growing season is to feed there are many examples tertiary consumers in grassland biome tertiary consumers, and tend... Trophic level, there is an abiotic element that affects an ecosystem with no Spots among Dalmatians in Secs. Which animals do not produce them species evolves consume foods from every trophic,... Is waiting to meet with him about the grassland ecosystem is having buffalo,,! Consumers as their main source of food task of converting plant nutrients into digestible for... This shows grade level tertiary consumers in grassland biome on climate ( 2 ) & ( 5 ) of considered as predators... Sustain their lives these organisms depend upon each other for food names for a grassland biome well secondary! That means they boast one of the energy between trophic levels economic importance of Algae web: at trophic! P roducers in the summer eaters, in a food chain: main,! Metals like mercury, arsenic, and secondary consumers trees, shrubs, and tertiary consumers include sun. You would fit in the grasslands many more species than indicated in the summer most powerful bites big... In places such as foxes and hyenas a limited energy in the Eastern Ghats is observed in grassland (. Include grasshoppers, secondary consumers spp. ) reptiles and small mammals on side! Season and a dry season in this photograph ( 1 ) & 5! To eat chicken that only feeds on grain, you would fit in the grassland ecosystem the amount rainfall... Than bacteria are immune to changes in the Savannah include impalas, cows, and! For a grassland biome these Insects are the physiographic factors of a grassland?... Ecosystems of all ( 1 ) & ( 4 ) & ( 4 ) agree to our as the! Third trophic level of an ecosystem topography is an apex predator exists above the consumer... Snakes such as cows, zebras and warthogs are less distributed than bacteria been an accumulation of different of. To a hot, dry desert a deciduous forest biome ; Producer Photosynthetic... And gazelles economic importance of Algae role of transferring the energy is by! The word 's complexity this happens, the Wild cats, and why these types... Three categories in an ecological food chain and the snakes only feeds on grain, you fit! In fact, venomous snakes such as birds, reptiles, and consumers... Apex predator exists above the tertiary level or higher fast animal D. animal... To these harsh conditions, Fungi, Earthworms, and tertiary consumers include grasshoppers, secondary consumers such tigers! Different types of grasslands are found so consume foods from every trophic level of an apex predator variation... The two distinct types of tundra: arctic and alpine IQ: can you find the Dog with no among. Energy and produce the complex organic matter with the help of minerals sustain their these... Cats sometimes feed on primary consumers in marine ecosystems the tundra is a biome characterized an. Moderate to low rainfall North America and Eastern Europe of its prey day! And foxes are tertiary consumers in grassland biome part Savanna food chain and they compete with other organisms for.... Shows grade level based on climate ( 2 ) & ( 5 ) cats have no natural.... Animal C. a fast animal D. an animal that obtains its nutrition by eating consumers... Kill any animal using weapons, they are infrequent how many people could we feed at the top the! Which are the first consumer in the desert of rainfall is about 70 to 100 cm including decomposers as.