La Morenita is quite a common name used mostly by Spanish and American people to refer to a girl or woman who is dusky and has long black hair. "After the second Pandya War, Kulottunga undertook a campaign to check to the growth of Hoysala power in that quarter. During the reign of Rajaraja CholaI and his successors Rajendra CholaI, Virarajendra Chola and Kulothunga CholaI the Chola armies invaded Sri Lanka, the Maldives and parts of Southeast Asia like Malaysia, Indonesia and Southern Thailand[70] of the Srivijaya Empire in the 11th century. [f] Numerous Pallava inscriptions of this period mention their having fought rulers of the Chola country. The rule by Cholas stretched over 5 long centuries until the . The founder of the Hoysala Dynasty was Nripa Kama II who reigned from 1026 CE to 1047 CE. [2] Under Rajaraja I and his successors Rajendra I, Rajadhiraja I, Rajendra II, Virarajendra, and Kulothunga Chola I, the dynasty became a military, economic and cultural powerhouse in South Asia and Southeast Asia. Kalki had used the confusion in the succession to the Chola throne after the demise of Parantaka CholaII. [219] Rajaraja CholaI patronised Buddhists and provided for the construction of the Chudamani Vihara, a Buddhist monastery in Nagapattinam, at the request of Sri Chulamanivarman, the Srivijaya Sailendra king. La Chubbz is a cute way to call girls who are a bit on the chubbier side. The Chola dynasty was a Tamil thalassocratic empire of southern India and one of the longest-ruling dynasties in world history. The most important weaving communities in early medieval times were the Saliyar and Kaikolar. A commonly held view is that Chola is, like Chera and Pandya, the name of the ruling family or clan of immemorial antiquity. During Chola's governance, the entire southern region was brought under a single governing force. Nicknames for games, profiles, brands or social networks. [85] The Pandyas in the south had risen to the rank of a great power who ultimately banished the Hoysalas from Malanadu or Kannada country, who were allies of the Cholas from Tamil country and the demise of the Cholas themselves ultimately was caused by the Pandyas in 1279. [67], The Cholas under Kulothunga CholaIII collaborated to the herald the dissolution of the Chalukyas by aiding Hoysalas under Veera BallalaII, the son-in-law of the Chola monarch, and defeated the Western Chalukyas in a series of wars with Someshvara IV between 1185 and 1190. [148] The Ulavar community were working in the field which was associated with agriculture and the peasants were known as Kalamar. They were not swayed by the rise of Buddhism and Jainism as were the kings of the Pallava and Pandya dynasties. Nicknames are usually short and informal, which people use for other people. The Pandya who was under the protection of the Vijayanagara appealed to the emperor and the Raya accordingly directed his agent (Karyakartta) Nagama Nayaka who was stationed in the south to put down the Chola. It is quite a satirical name. See the popularity of the baby girl's name Chola over time, plus its meaning, origin, common sibling names, and more in BabyCenter's Baby Names tool. In the mid-ninth century the family came to dominate the region, building an empire that would last more than four hundred years. Create good names for games, profiles, brands or social networks. [citation needed], Sandilyan, another popular Tamil novelist, wrote Kadal Pura in the 1960s. It is a popular first name in Spanish for girls. This describes the events during Kulothunga's war in Kalinga and depicts not only the pomp and circumstance of war, but the gruesome details of the field. I prefer to refer to them all collectively as Dumbass, except the girls - I call them Sharpies. Josefina (Hebrew origin) means 'god will give'. Smiley, Joker, Clumsy, Shy Girl. April 7, 2023. They utilised the wealth earned through their extensive conquests in building long-lasting stone temples and exquisite bronze sculptures, in an almost exclusively Hindu cultural setting.. It is mostly popular for naming girls. Mona (Italian origin) means 'gorgeous'. La Blue Eyes is quite a self-explanatory name. This word often forms an integral part of early Chola names like Nedunkilli, Nalankilli and so on, but almost drops out of use in later times. Then the former feudatories like the Hoysalas, Yadvas, and Kakatiyas steadily increased their power and finally replaced the Chalukyas. [20] Cenni in Tamil means Head. However, there were reports of widespread famine caused by natural calamities. Some prominent features of temple architecture in the Chola dynasty are enunciated here. Nobody knows exactly when the first Chola kings took power in the southern point of India, but certainly, the Chola Dynasty was established by the third century BCE, because they are mentioned in one of Ashoka the Great's stelae. Arianna - The one who is holy; the one with peace 3. Vijayalay, the Chola ruler from about 850 to 870, began to . [8][9] A UNESCO world heritage site, the Brihadisvara temple at Thanjavur, commissioned by the Rajaraja Chola in 1010 CE, is a prime example for Cholar architecture. [88] At the close of Rajendra's reign, the Pandyan empire was at the height of prosperity and had taken the place of the Chola empire in the eyes of the foreign observers. Albert M. Carson, CA; 5 friends 42 reviews Lil T. says: [71] In 1025, Rajendra Chola launched naval raids on ports of Srivijaya and against the Burmese kingdom of Pegu. The narrative unfolds over a thousand years ago during the reign of the Chola Empire. By 1019, he also completely conquered the Rajarata kingdom of Sri Lanka and annexed it to the Chola empire. The Chola dynasty is one of the longest ruling dynasties of South India, and it existed from 300 BC until the late 13th century AD, though the territorial limits kept varying from time to time. It played a significant role in linking the markets of China to the rest of the world. [210], The Telugu Choda period was in particular significant for the development of Telugu literature under the patronage of the rulers. It is speculated that he either fell in battle or was put to death along with his heirs during his encounter with Vijayanagara. The river Kaveri and its tributaries dominate this landscape of generally flat country that gradually slopes towards the sea, unbroken by major hills or valleys. Trade was carried on by merchants organised in guilds. [171] Examples of the Hindu cultural influence found today throughout Southeast Asia owe much to the legacy of the Cholas. Chola dynasty, Chola also spelled Cola, South Indian Tamil rulers of unknown antiquity, antedating the early Sangam poems (c. 200 ce). [154] Vocational education was through hereditary training in which the father passed on his skills to his sons. In 1257 the Pandyan conquered the Chola country and after a long rule the Chola Dynasty collapsed in 1279. La Loka is mostly used to refer to girls who are a bit crazy in a good way. [177] They built a number of Shiva temples along the banks of the river Kaveri. Our recommended activities are based on age but these are a guide. [36] As per inscriptions found in and around Thanjavur, the kingdom was ruled by Mutharaiyars / Muthurajas for three centuries. Though Nicknames are not your real name, they are referred to as added names; however, there are things to consider when choosing. [29][d] Urayur (now a part of Thiruchirapalli) was their oldest capital. Sandilyan's earlier work, Yavana Rani, written in the early 1960s, is based on the life of Karikala Chola. It is quite a cute name as well. in Local Questions & Answers. Leticia (Latin origin) means 'happiness'. [194] Jivaka-chintamani by Tirutakkatevar and Sulamani by Tolamoli are among notable works by non-Hindu authors. This name would have reminded you of that one friend of yours with anger issues. Vernica (Latin origin) means 'true victory'. The medieval Kalingathu Parani text, which celebrates the victory of Kulothunga Chola I and his general in the battle for Kalinga, describes the practice in detail. We hope you love our recommendations for products and services! [237] The serialisation lasted for nearly five years and every week its publication was awaited with great interest. The term, sometimes used disparagingly, is derived from early Spanish and Mexican usage and denotes marginalization. Your privacy is important to us. [4] The Chola fleet represented the zenith of ancient Indian maritime capacity. [citation needed]. There was a well-developed and highly efficient system of water management from the village level upwards. [26] However, there was little in common between the local chiefdoms of the earlier period and the imperial-like states of Rajaraja Chola and his successors. Enrol to StudyIQ's Flagship UPSC IAS (Pre + Mains) LIVE Foundation Batch 9. [147] The encouragement by the Chola court furthered the expansion of Tamil merchant associations such as the Ayyavole and Manigramam guilds into Southeast Asia and China. Although the invasion was not followed by direct Cholan occupation and the region was unchanged geographically, there were huge consequences in trade. This article contains incorrect information, This article doesnt have the information Im looking for, 65 Cool Chola Names, Meanings And Origins For Girls, 100 Huntress Names From Fiction And Mythology, 150 Batman Names From The Comics, TV Shows & Films, All Of The 'Shadow Of The Colossus' Names Including Every Colossi. [220][221], During the period of the Later Cholas, there are alleged to have been instances of intolerance towards Vaishnavites[222] especially towards their acharya, Ramanuja. Temper is quite a self-explanatory name. It's quite popular in America and is basically used to refer to a girl who is generally soft-spoken or has a soft voice. Lil fresa means 'ruler of peace'. Gabriela (Hebrew origin) means 'god of Strength'. [112], Justice was mostly a local matter in the Chola Empire; minor disputes were settled at the village level. 4 /5. [150], There is little information on the size and the density of the population during the Chola reign[151] The stability in the core Chola region enabled the people to lead a productive and contented life. The refugees take along an idol sacred to the Pandyas, angering them. Francisca (Spanish origin) is one of the most popular names for baby girls in Spanish. Around 1118, they lost control of Vengi to the Western Chalukya and Gangavadi (southern Mysore districts) to the Hoysala Empire. [223] A Chola sovereign called Krimikanta Chola is said to have persecuted Ramanuja. [187][188][189] Among the existing specimens in museums around the world and in the temples of South India may be seen many fine figures of Shiva in various forms, such as Vishnu and his consort Lakshmi, and the Shaivite saints. [24] Kaveripattinam also served as an early Chola capital. [22] The internal chronology of this literature is still far from settled, and at present a connected account of the history of the period cannot be derived. So naturally, the Hoysalas found it convenient to have friendly relations with the Cholas from the time of Kulothunga CholaIII, who had defeated Hoysala Veera BallalaII, who had subsequent marital relations with the Chola monarch. [122], The Chola navy was the zenith of ancient India sea power. Their reign was ended by Vijayalaya chola who captured Thanjavur from Ilango Mutharaiyar between 848 and 851 CE. [73] A second invasion was led by Virarajendra Chola, who conquered Kedah in Malaysia of Srivijaya in the late 11th century. Education in the contemporary sense was not considered important; there is circumstantial evidence to suggest that some village councils organised schools to teach the basics of reading and writing to children,[153] although there is no evidence of systematic educational system for the masses. [84] He also defeated two Pandya princes one of whom was Maravarman Sundara Pandya II and briefly made the Pandyas submit to the Chola overlordship. Snoopy is a funny Chola name for calling someone who always has a grumpy expression on their face. It speculates the whereabouts of Kulothunga during this period. [127] The vellan-vagai villages fell into two broad classes- one directly remitting a variable annual revenue to the state and the other paying dues of a more or less fixed character to the public [174][full citation needed] Chola rule is remembered in Malaysia today as many princes there have names ending with Cholan or Chulan, one such being Raja Chulan, the Raja of Perak. But until the later Chola king Kulottunga I, the Cholas had firm control over the area. [52] He also built the Brihadeeswarar Temple in 1010 CE. The 2022 movie was based on the novel of the same name. [30] The Mahavamsa mentions that an ethnic Tamil adventurer, a Chola prince known as Ellalan, invaded the Rajarata kingdom of Sri Lanka and conquered it in 235 BCE with the help of a Mysore army.[24][31]. The center of Chola power was later moved to Kanci (now Kanchipuram), farther to the north. [95] These two towns became hubs of trade and commerce and attracted many religious faiths, including Buddhism. Archaeological News A martial art called Silambam was patronised by the Chola rulers. The Early Cholas were a Tamil kingdom of the Chola Dynasty - pre and post Sangam period (600 BCE-300 CE). Moreover, their patronage of Tamil literature and their zeal for building temples has resulted in some of the greatest works of Tamil literature and architecture. [114] There were regiments of bowmen and swordsmen while the swordsmen were the most permanent and dependable troops. As an Amazon Associate, Kidadl earns from qualifying purchases. Margarita (Greek origins) is a version of Margaret which means 'child of light'. Rajendra Chola III was the last ruler of the Chola Dynasty, and he reigned from 1246 -1279 CE. Read on for some new and interesting Chola names that are popular from China to the United States. 12 Names of Lord . La Greisy is mostly used to call people who have a certain charm in them. [190][l], The Imperial Chola era was the golden age of Tamil culture, marked by the importance of literature. [65] Even under the emperors of the Cholas like KulothungaI and Vikrama Chola, the wars against the Chalukyas were mainly fought in Chalukya territories in Karnataka or in the Telugu country like Vengi, Kakinada, Anantapur, or Gutti. Accordingly, Devi seems to have cursed her and due to t. [7], The Cholas succeeded in building the greatest thalassocratic empire in the history of India, thereby leaving a lasting legacy. Kidadl is supported by you, the reader. However, after defeating Veera Ballala II, Kulottunga Chola III entered into a marital alliance with him through Ballala's marriage to a Chola princess, which improved the Kulottunga Chola III relationship with Hoysalas.[65][i]. It can be considered an iteration of Sophia or Sophie. Bubbles (English origin) are used to refer to girls who are awfully cheerful and enthusiastic about even the tiniest of things. The temple was built from 685-705AD by a Rajasimha ruler of the Pallava Dynasty. [citation needed] Two names are prominent among those Chola kings known to have existed who feature in Sangam literature: Karikala and Kocengannan. [111] These structures underwent constant change and refinement throughout the Chola period. [234] The most important work of this genre is the popular Ponniyin Selvan (The son of Ponni), a historical novel in Tamil written by Kalki Krishnamurthy. Casper (Persian origin) means 'one who brings the treasure'. Apart from the doctors, other remunerated staff included a nurse, barber (who performed minor operations) and a waterman. When it comes to nicknames, cholas tend to go by . [115] It played a vital role in the expansion of the empire, including the conquest of the Ceylon islands and naval raids on Srivijaya. Smalls is usually used to tease short or tiny girls. . [97][pageneeded][98], The other major towns were Thanjavur, Uraiyur and Kudanthai, now known as Kumbakonam. It is quite an aesthetically pleasing name. The dynasty's first capital was the city of Uraiyur (now Tiruchchirappalli). [113], The Chola dynasty had a robust military, of which the king was the supreme commander. All cultivable land was held in one of the three broad classes of tenure which can be distinguished as peasant proprietorship called vellan-vagai, service tenure and eleemosynary tenure resulting from charitable gifts. [167], Under the Cholas, the Tamil country reached new heights of excellence in art, religion, music and literature. Chola records cite many works, including the Rajarajesvara Natakam, Viranukkaviyam and Kannivana Puranam. [24] After Rajendra Chola moved his capital to Gangaikonda Cholapuram, Thanjavur lost its importance. [103] According to Kathleen Gough, during the Chola period the Vellalar were the "dominant secular aristocratic caste providing the courtiers, most of the army officers, the lower ranks of the kingdom's bureaucracy, and the upper layer of the peasantry". It was one of the three main kingdoms of Tamilakam. Aadhishakti - Goddess Parvati 8. [147] The farmers occupied one of the highest positions in society. The dynasty originated in the rich Kaveri (Cauvery) River valley. [47] The kingdoms along the east coast of India up to the river Ganges acknowledged Chola suzerainty. Tiny has a quite similar meaning to the name mentioned above. Rate the pronunciation difficulty of chola dynasty. Apart from sinking wells and excavating tanks, the Chola rulers threw mighty stone dams across the Kaveri and other rivers, and cut out channels to distribute water over large tracts of land. Report as inappropriate. Committees like eri-variyam (tank-committee) and totta-variam (garden committees) were active as also the temples with their vast resources in land, men and money. The king was the supreme leader and a benevolent authoritarian. [citation needed], In continuation of the decline, also marked by the resurgence of the Pandyan dynasty as the most powerful rulers in South India, a lack of a controlling central administration in its erstwhile-Pandyan territories prompted a number of claimants to the Pandya throne to cause a civil war in which the Sinhalas and the Cholas were involved by proxy. The Chola Empire, though not as strong as between 850 and 1150, was still largely territorially intact under Rajaraja CholaII (11461175) a fact attested by the construction and completion of the third grand Chola architectural marvel, the chariot-shaped Airavatesvara Temple at Dharasuram on the outskirts of modern Kumbakonam. The heartland of the Cholas was the fertile valley of the Kaveri River. [178][179][180] The Chola temple architecture has been appreciated for its magnificence as well as delicate workmanship, ostensibly following the rich traditions of the past bequeathed to them by the Pallava Dynasty. Sleepy (English origin) is used to refer to girls who are relieved if they can just take a nap. [10][11], There is very little written evidence for the Cholas prior to the 7th century CE. [32][33][34] They were displaced by the Pallava dynasty and the Pandyan dynasty in the 6th century. Even the northern forces were seen intervening. The largest and tallest of all Indian temples of its time, it is at the apex of South Indian architecture. [104], Before the reign of Rajaraja Chola I huge parts of the Chola territory were ruled by hereditary lords and local princes who were in a loose alliance with the Chola rulers. The manufacture of sea-salt was carried on under government supervision and control. The Cholas (8th-12th century AD) are remembered as one of the longest ruling dynasties in the southern regions of India. [87] They also dispossessed the Hoysalas, by defeating them under Jatavarman Sundara Pandiyan at Kannanur Kuppam. Anyone using the information provided by Kidadl does so at their own risk and we can not accept liability if things go wrong. Uraiyur (now Tiruchchirappalli) was its oldest capital. [203][pageneeded] He imports into his narration the colour and landscape of his own time; his description of Kosala is an idealised account of the features of the Chola country.